Inflammatory breast cancer, or IBC, is a rare form of breast cancer. It is
estimated to occur in only 1 - 3% of all breast cancer patients. It usually
occurs in post-menopausal women, but cases have been found in girls as young as
12 and in men. IBC is usually diagnosed at an earlier age than other forms of
breast cancer and is more common in African American women than in Caucasian
women. This cancer has a higher mortality rate because it is often misdiagnosed
in the early, more treatable stages. However, advances in cancer research have
improved the survival rate.
This cancer grows rapidly; your symptoms will
appear in a matter of days or weeks. Women with inflammatory breast cancer often
have no idea that they have breast cancer because IBC does not usually form a
lump in the breast. Instead, this cancer forms 'sheets' of cancer cells making
your breast feel thicker or heavier than usual. Other symptoms of IBC include
swelling and tenderness of the breast, discoloration (usually red to purple) of
the breast, itching or pain in the breast, dimpled or rough looking skin on the
breast, swelling or crusting of the skin on the nipple and flattening or
retraction of the nipple. Many of these symptoms mimic those of a breast
infection, or mastitis. Mastitis usually causes a fever and usually occurs in
younger breast-feeding mothers. Mastitis will respond to antibiotics. IBC, which
has been documented in breast-feeding women, does not cause a fever nor respond
to antibiotics.
Because the symptoms of IBC are so similar to mastitis and because inflammatory
breast cancer is so rare, many doctors misdiagnose this cancer as mastitis.
Patients are often prescribed multiple rounds of antibiotics because it doesn't
clear up after the first round. If you have these symptoms and your doctor wants
you to take more than one round of antibiotics, ask for a biopsy or referral to
a breast specialist. You may have to be very aggressive to get the proper
diagnosis. This is vital because the earlier this is diagnosed, the sooner you
can begin treatment and the better your survival chances.
A proper cancer
diagnosis usually results from elimination of mastitis as a culprit, with the
symptoms still present and possibly getting worse. Your doctor may schedule you
for a mammogram or a breast sonogram to confirm the diagnosis, but these are not
very reliable with this cancer because the affected area may not show up. A
biopsy is the most effective way to confirm diagnosis of this cancer, however it
may still be wrong if your doctor biopsies the wrong area of your breast.
Because this cancer does grow very rapidly, your doctor may also schedule other
tests to determine if your cancer has spread to other organs in your body. This
will affect your course of treatment.
Your treatment depends largely upon
whether your cancer has spread to other organs of your body. You will most
likely have a team of doctors talking with you, trying to determine the best
course of treatment for you. You will receive aggressive treatment because
inflammatory breast cancer is a late stage cancer. This means you will most
likely receive chemotherapy, surgery and radiation therapy. You will most likely
receive chemotherapy first because this cancer makes performing surgery first
risky due to the skin changes it causes. Chemotherapy also works to shrink the
size of the cancer, making it more likely that surgery will remove all of it.
The surgery that most women choose with this cancer is a mastectomy, or complete
removal of the affected breast. This is because the cancer is often widespread
throughout the breast, making a surgery that preserves breast tissue highly
unlikely.
During surgery, your surgeon will probably remove the lymph
nodes under your arm to examine them for cancer. After surgery, you will most
likely receive radiation therapy. Radiation therapy is used to kill any cancer
cells that the surgeon may have missed and to help prevent the cancer from
returning. Inflammatory breast cancer has a high incidence of recurrence, so
your doctor may prescribe additional rounds of chemotherapy if you responded
well to the previous rounds or hormone therapy if your cancer was the type that
grew in the presence of estrogen.
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